Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 - PhD in social work, Allameh Tabatabai University,Tehran,Iran
2 PhD in social work ,Allameh Tabatabai University,Tehran,Iran
Abstract
Juvenile delinquent" refers to a person who is legally capable of committing a crime and has the minimum age of criminal responsibility. Juvenile delinquency is a growing concern that requires therapeutic and supportive intervention models rather than a punitive approach The rehabilitation and correction of juvenile delinquents requires individual and community-oriented correctional laws with high executive guarantee, trained people and restorative proceedings. Otherwise, not only will the repetition of the crime be prevented, but it will help to speed up the return of this teenager to the justice system. The present research, by examining the lived experience of the delinquents juveniles in the judicial process, tried to highlight the issues of juveniles and the way the judicial system behaves in dealing with them. Investigating the lived experience of teenagers in the judicial process and the pathology of juvenile proceedings. Because it is important from a scientific and professional point of view for the field of social work. Due to the existence of various laws regarding the intervention of social workers in the process of juvenile delinquent proceedings, it is necessary for social workers to know the status of juvenile proceedings, and this research is effective in helping the society and the judicial system in order to prevent recidivism and empowering juvenile delinquents.The qualitative research method is thematic analysis technique. Thematic analysis was used to describe the trial experience of delinquent teenagers, because thematic analysis is more related to the lived experience and daily life than other existing strategies. This analysis identifies the meaning of human experiences about a phenomenon as described by the participants in the research and provides the possibility to gain a deeper understanding of people's experiences about that phenomenon. Data collection was done through in-depth and unstructured interviews. In order to obtain rich information, the researcher helped each teenager to express their narratives in a calm and safe environment and to tell about their experiences in the process of proceedings from arrest to sentencing. In this research, 16 teenagers were interviewed and the interview process continued until the answers were duplicated. In fact, theoretical saturation was achieved. The method of analyzing these findings is analytical and interpretive. Finally, the aggregation of these findings was analyzed. Data analysis was done in three main steps of coding: open coding, selective coding and axial coding. Findings: In this research, three main categories of inefficiency of the judicial system, helplessness of teenagers and lack of social justice advocacy were found. The ineffectiveness of the judicial system means the lack of institutions such as skilled and committed legal counsel, social workers, and children's police, the lack of social and legal support for teenagers in economic problems related to bail and ransom and getting a lawyer even to help teenagers and their families. In obtaining relevant information, he leads to the confusion of the teenager and the delay of proceedings. The innovation of this research is that the pathology of the judicial process of juveniles in Iran has been investigated from a psycho-social point of view and from the point of view of the stakeholders, i.e. juveniles who are under the law. Conclusion: According to the examination of the experience of teenagers, they are so worried after the trial that they almost always feel anxious. They are afraid that the same thing will happen again and if they fight, they will go to court again. Due to the lack of familiarity with legal issues, teenagers think that as soon as they enter the court, it will be considered a bad record for them and their career and social future will be in danger, they become anxious. This type of proceedings not only does not prevent the teenager from committing the crime again, but also turns him into a helpless person who is prone to all kinds of injuries. Instead of improving its effectiveness as a crime prevention system, this system has degraded and degraded the youth's self-esteem and labeling them, ultimately leading to isolation, social rejection and helplessness of the youth. In fact, a system that aims to reduce recidivism actually puts the teenager on the path to re-offending.
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